A study to assess attitude of nursing students towards suicide attempters - A cross sectional study at Bagalkot

Background: In this era of advanced medicine, significant association between negative attitudes of health workers related to suicide has been found, which may be attributed to inadequate quality of health workers towards patient care. Nursing personnel being first level contacts with regards to suicide prevention, they play an important role in suicide risk assessment and management. However, knowledge about these issues is very limited, especially among nursing students in India. Aims: The present study is aimed to asses attitudes related to suicide among nursing students studying in Sajjalashree Institute of Nursing Sciences, Bagalkot. Methodology: In the Covid-19 era, the study conducted was an online survey, using the Google forms. A survey link was circulated using WhatsApp. The survey questionnaire included of specifically designed socio demographic proforma to collect sociodemographic data and Suicide opinion questionnaire was administered to assess their attitude towards suicidal patients. First 150 responses were recorded and Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Majority of study participants were single females (61.3%) coming from rural locality with mean age of 21 years. Only few had previous exposure to psychiatric posting or suicide prevention programmes. 76.9% of respondents held an uncertain attitude towards patients presenting with deliberate self-harm, 15.3% had a favourable attitude and 7.6% had a negative attitude. Conclusion: Uncertain attitude was seen in two thirds of among most of the statements while favourable attitude was seen only among one third of the attitudinal statement.

Suicide in the Indigenous Population of Latin America: A Systematic Review / Suicidio en la población indígena latinoamericana: revisión sistemática

Abstract Objective: Due to the high rates of suicide reported among many ethnic minorities, a systematic review is presented on suicide in indigenous populations of Latin America. Methods: Systematic review in PubMed, Scopus, PsycNET, SciELO and Scholar Google. Results: From an initial total of 1862 articles, 41were included for data extraction. They include 21 from Brazil, 13 from Colombia, 2 from Chile, 1 from Peru, and 4 articles grouped from different countries. Suicide is a public health issue in many communities. Lifestyle changes, industrialisation, environmental degradation, and alcohol have led the indigenous population experiencing what has been described as "cultural death."

Resumen Objetivo: Se han reportado altas tasas de suicidio en algunas minorías étnicas, entre ellas comunidades indígenas en Latinoamérica. Este fenómeno se considera un problema de salud pública. Realizamos una revisión sistemática para describirlo. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos de PubMed, Scopus, PscycNET, SciELO y Google Scholar. Resultados: Se encontró un total inicial de 1.862 referencias; de estos artículos, se incluyeron 41 para extracción de datos según los criterios de inclusión, de los que 21 hacen referencia a Brasil,13 a Colombia, 2 a Chile,1a Perú y 4 artículos a diferentes países agrupados. Las comunidades indígenas están pasando por un fenómeno de «muerte cultural¼ en el que los cambios en las culturas, los estilos de vida, la industrialización, la invasión del medio ambiente y el consumo de alcohol se convierten en desencadenantes del suicidio.

Self Injurious Behaviour (Sib) Of Eye Poking In A Toddler With Autism, Neurofibromatosis And Infantile Spasm

There is sparse data on self injurious behaviour in autism from developing countries. We describe a rare case of self injurious behaviour in a three-year-old toddler with autism, neurofibromatosis, infantile spasms and developmental delay. Methods: We reported a case of Master ABC, a three-yearold boy presented with eye poking behaviour and autistic symptoms such as stereotypic behaviour, decreased social interaction, delayed speech, solitary play, etc. He was diagnosed with autism. He also had neurofibromatosis type 1 and infantile spasms and was on Antiepileptic for the same from the Neurologist. His ophthalmological evaluation was normal and was given symptomatic treatment. He was started on the tablet risperidone 0.25 mg od and behaviour therapy, occupational and speech therapy for his autistic symptoms with significant improvement in his symptoms. Results: Self injurious behaviour such as eye poking in children with autism needs immediate attention to prevent long-term vision related complications. Self injurious behaviour can coexist with Neurofibromatosis 1 and Infantile spasms with autism and developmental delays. Conclusion: The multidisciplinary approaches can be used to reduce the self injurious behaviour of eye poking and also be beneficial in overall clinical management of the child with autism and developmental delay. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 18 (1): January – June 2017: XX XX.

Validación al español del Self-Harm Questionnaire para detección de autolesionismo en adolescentes / Validation into Spanish language of the Self-Harm Questionnaire for detection of self-harming in adolescents

ANTECEDENTES: El autolesionismo comprende las conductas encaminadas al daño físico de la propia persona. Estas conductas son un fenómeno en aumento entre los adolescentes y pueden ser consideradas como predictores de muerte por suicidio, por lo que su identificación oportuna es una necesidad. El Cuestionario de autolesionismo permite identificar la presencia de pensamientos y conductas autolesivas.OBJETIVO: Validar el cuestionario de autolesionismo al español y determinar su valor diagnóstico para detectar autolesionismo en adolescentes mexicanos que reciben atención psiquiátrica.MÉTODO: Se realizó el procedimiento de traducción-retrotraducción para la adaptación de la escala al idioma español. Se seleccionó una muestra de 106 adolescentes de entre 11 y 17 años de edad en seguimiento por trastornos afectivos o ansiedad para la aplicación de la escala. Se evaluó la consistencia interna mediante el coeficiente de fiabilidad a de Cronbach y se determinó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman por medio de una prueba test-retest tres meses después de la primera administración. Posteriormente, se realizó una revisión del expediente clínico para determinar la presencia de autolesionismo y realizar un análisis de la sensibilidad y especificidad del cuestionario para detectar el fenómeno.RESULTADOS: El cuestionario traducido presentó un a de Cronbach de 0.960 y una estabilidad temporal a tres meses de 0.9787. La sensibilidad para detectar autolesionismo fue de 97.96%, y la especificidad de 54.39%, comparadas con el expediente clínico.DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la escala traducida es una herramienta válida y confiable para detectar autolesionismo en adolescentes mexicanos. La identificación rápida y oportuna de esta población es crucial para evitar suicidios. El uso de la escala puede ayudar a identificar a estos pacientes.

BACKGROUND: Self-injurious behaviour englobes conducts in which persons hurt or harm themselves. These conducts are an increasing phenomena among adolescents, and can be considered as predictors of death by suicide, making their opportune identification a necessity. The Self Harm Questionnaireallows the identification of thoughts and self-injurious conducts.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to validate it into the Spanish language and to determine its diagnostic value for detecting self- injurious behaviour in Mexican adolescents under psychiatric follow up.METHOD: The translation-retrotranslation procedure was used for the adaptation of the questionnaire into Spanish. A sample of 106, 11 to 17 year-old adolescents under follow up because of affective disorders or anxiety was selected for the application of the questionnaire. Internal consistence was evaluated through the Cronbach a reliability coefficient, and the Spearman correlation coefficient was determined through a test-retest after 3 months of the first administration of the probe. Afterwards, an evaluation of the clinical records was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the test to detect self-injurious behaviour.RESULTS: The translated questionnaire possess a Cronbach a of 0.960, and a 3 month temporal stability of 0.9787. The sensitivity to detect self-injurious behaviour was 97.96%, and its specificity was 54.39%, compared to the clinical records.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study results suggest that the translated questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to detect self-injurious behaviour in Mexican adolescents. Rapid and opportune identification of this population of patients is crucial to avoid suicides. The use of this questionnaire can help identify these patients.

Reviewing Self-Injury: Implications for the Study of Self-Injury and Suicidal Behaviour in Malaysia / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

Self-injury is a significant predictor of future self-harm and suicide, and is associated with significant psychological morbidity. However, despite an apparent increase in prevalence, very little research on this behaviour has been conducted within Malaysia. This paper reviews the definitional issues pertinent to the study of self-injury including the need to adopt a consistent nomenclature for the behaviour, separate self-injury which occurs with and without suicidal intent, and to address role of culture in defining self-injurious behaviour. A review and critique of research exploring the prevalence, function, aetiology, and correlates of self-injury across both clinical and community samples is provided. Finally, in light of the current international knowledge regarding self-injurious behaviour, recommendations to guide future research in Malaysia are proposed.